Lets consider a prismatic channel with the following data:
Length of the channel = 100 km
Width of the rectangular cross-section = 100 m
Bed slope = 1%
Manning’s roughness n = 0.035
The downstream boundary condition is a rating curve shown below:
Depth Discharge
(m) (m3/s)
0.0 0.0
0.5 142.8
1.0 450.5
1.5 900.0
2.0 1426.6
2.5 2100.0
>3.0 2797.0
The discharge hydrograph at the upstream boundary point is shown in the following figure
One way to estimate the appropriate time step for the simulation is to look at the Courant-
Friedrich-Levy (CFL) criterion. This criterion is usually applied to explicit numerical schemes but the CFL criterion may nevertheless serve as a guideline for implicit algorithms.
dt < (dx / v)
Friedrich-Levy (CFL) criterion. This criterion is usually applied to explicit numerical schemes but the CFL criterion may nevertheless serve as a guideline for implicit algorithms.
dt < (dx / v)
A realistic peak velocity could be guessed as twice or three times the steady velocity (v=4.64 m/s).
Chosen numerical parameters:
dx= 5 km
dt= 10 min
In HEC-RAS 4.0, an intermediate theta (a.k.a. numerical damping parameter) was chosen in order to ensure a compromise between accuracy and stability: theta=0.5 is the Crank-Nicholson method and theta=1.0 fully implicit scheme. Also, the model needs some warm-up time at the beginning of the simulation to adjust to initial and boundary conditions.
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